Leonidas C. Platanias 
Cytokines and Cancer 

Dramatic advances have occurred over the last few years in the research field of cancer biology. There has been a constant accumulation of important new information, resulting in a gradual transformation on the perceptions that exist among scientists regarding mechanisms by which the malignant phenotype develops. The recent developments in cancer research have also had a substantial impact in efforts towards the development of new cancer therapies. One of the most explosive and rapidly advancing research areas has been the area of cytokines and cancer. Many perceptions have changed from the original discovery, decades ago, of the interferon, to the current state of the art cytokine research. It is now well recognized that many cytokines play important roles in normal cellular functions, while some of them have prominent roles in the pathophysiology of cancer. It is also now firmly established that several cytokines promote the growth of cancer cells, while others act as suppressors of malignant cell proliferation. The importance of the cytokine signaling field in cancer is reflected by the development of multiple treatments that have been introduced in clinical oncology over the last few years. Understanding the physiological functions of cytokines, as well as their precise roles in the pathogenesis of certain malignancies, is extremely important in the current clinical era.

Table of Content

Basic Science Research.- Polypeptide Growth Factors and Their Receptors.- Chemokines and Cancer.- Interferons.- Cytokines and Lymphomas.- Pro-apototic and Anti-apoptotic Effects of Tumor Necrosis Factor in Tumor Cells.- Transforming Growth Factor Beta and Breast Cancer.- Transforming Growth Factor Beta and Prostate Cancer.- Angiostatin.- Clinical and Translational Research.- Interferons in the Treatment of Solid Tumors.- Targeting Cytokine Receptors and Pathways in the Treatment of Breast Cancer.- Interleukin-2 in the Treatment of Renal Cell Carcinoma and Malignant Melanoma.- Cytokine Targeted Treatments for Lung Cancer.- Cytokines in the Treatment of Acute Leukemias.- Cytokines in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation.- Novel Cytokines in the Treatment of Malignancies.