Xenophon 
Anabasis: The March of the Ten Thousand 
The Persian Expedition of Cyrus

Xenophon’s ‘Anabasis: The March of the Ten Thousand’ is a gripping firsthand account of the ancient Greek military expedition led by Cyrus the Younger in 401 BC. The book is written in a clear and straightforward style, detailing the hardships, victories, and betrayals faced by the Greek mercenaries as they marched through hostile territory to reach the Black Sea. Xenophon’s narrative offers valuable insights into leadership, strategies of war, and the complexities of ancient Greek politics. The military terminology and descriptions of battles give readers a vivid picture of the challenges encountered by the Ten Thousand. Xenophon, an Athenian historian and philosopher, participated in the expedition and played a crucial role in leading the Greek soldiers after the death of Cyrus. His personal experiences and observations provide a unique perspective on the events depicted in the book. Xenophon’s background as a student of Socrates also influences his philosophical reflections on leadership and the nature of virtue. I highly recommend ‘Anabasis: The March of the Ten Thousand’ to readers interested in ancient history, military campaigns, and leadership. Xenophon’s narrative is not only informative but also engaging, offering a fascinating account of a legendary march that continues to inspire scholars and military strategists today.

عن المؤلف

Xenophon (c. 430 – 354 BC), an ancient Greek historian, soldier, and philosopher, emerges as a consequential figure in the annals of classical literature. Xenophon was born into an Athenian aristocratic family and was a student of Socrates, a lineage that greatly influenced his thought and writing. His works embody a diverse narrative skill, capturing historical events, military strategies, philosophical dialogues, and the ethos of his time. Of his many works, ‘Anabasis: The March of the Ten Thousand’ is preeminent, chronicling the extraordinary expedition of Cyrus the Younger against the Persian king and the subsequent harrowing retreat of Greek mercenaries through hostile territory after the battle of Cunaxa in 401 BC. This account has earned acclaim not only for its detailed military insights but also for its vivid portrayal of the resilience and resourcefulness of the human spirit. Xenophon’s prose is characterized by clarity and a pragmatic approach to both military tactics and life’s philosophies. His contributions have provided a valuable complement to the works of his contemporaries, offering a unique perspective on the culture and events of classical Greece. Beyond ‘Anabasis’, Xenophon’s ‘Hellenica’ serves as a significant historical primary source, carrying on the history of Greece where Thucydides left off. His literary corpus, which also includes ‘Cyropaedia’ and ‘Memorabilia’, has been pivotal in advancing the understanding of Socratic philosophy and continues to be held in high esteem by historians, philosophers, and military tacticians.