Adam Smith 
The Wealth of Nations Book 5: An Inquiry into the Nature and Causes of the Wealth of Nations. 

Adam Smith’s masterpiece, first published in 1776, is the foundation of modern economic thought and remains the single most important account of the rise of, and the principles behind, modern capitalism. Written in clear and incisive prose, The Wealth of Nations articulates the concepts indispensable to an understanding of contemporary society.