Martin Luther 
Ninety-Five Theses or, disputation on the power of indulgences. Illustrated 

Luther's 95 Theses (or Dr. Martin Luther's Debate to Clarify the Value of Indulgences) was a kind of manifesto that criticized Catholic theology. In his Theses, Luther argued that the prevailing religious doctrine of the day destroyed faith.
The hammering of this 1517 document to the door of the Wittenberg church marks the start of the Reformation and the history of Protestantism.
Due to the conflicts surrounding the ideas presented in his Theses, a wave of religious wars broke out in Western Europe.

About the author

Martin Luther, OSA (10 November 1483 – 18 February 1546) was a German professor of theology, priest, author, composer, Augustinian monk, and a seminal figure in the Reformation.