Jadual kandungan
CHAPTER 1: THE ROLE OF NITROUS OXIDE ON CLIMATE CHANGE.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Greenhouse effect.- 3. Climate forcing.- 4. Nitrous oxide emissions.- 5. Conclusions.- CHAPTER 2: GLOBAL NITROGEN CYCLE.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Discovery of N cycle: Historical perspective.- 3. Global N inventory.- 4. N fixation.- 5. Nitrogen cycling.- 6. Conclusions.- CHAPTER 3: FORMATION AND RELEASE OF NITROUS OXIDE FROM TERRESTRIAL AND AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Nitrification.- 3. Denitrification.- 4. N2O production by nitrification and denitrification.- 5. Conclusions.- CHAPTER 4: NITROUS OXIDE FLUXES MEASUREMENT.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Measurement methods.- 3. Modeling approaches.- 4. Future research priorities.- 5. Conclusions.- CHAPTER 5: GLOBAL SOURCES OF NITROUS OXIDE.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Natural sources.- 3. Anthropogenic sources.- 4. Conclusion.- 5. Researchable issues.- CHAPTER 6: LAND USE AND LAND MANAGEMENT EFFECTS ON NITROUS OXIDE FLUXES.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Cropland.- 3. Grassland.- 4. Forest.- 5. Factors controlling N2O production from soils.- 6. Conclusions.- CHAPTER 7: NITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONS FROM RICE FIELDS.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Literature Survey on Nitrous oxide Emission from Rice Cultivation.- 3. Types of Rice Ecosystems.- 4. Rice Soils.- 5. Mitigation Options for N2O Emissions from Rice fields.- 6. Conclusions.- CHAPTER 8: NITROUS OXIDE SOURCES AND MITIGATION STRATEGIES.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Anthropogenic sources of nitrous oxide.- 3. Mitigation of nitrous oxide emissions from cropland.- 4. Conclusions.- 5. Research needs.- CHAPTER 9: MITIGATION OPTIONS FOR LIVESTOCK AND PASTURE LANDS.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Nitrogen input to grazed pasture.- 3. Nitrogen transformations and loss from pasture soils.- 4. Nitrous oxide emissions from livestock management system.- 5. Conclusions.- CHAPTER 10: THE ROLE OF FERTILIZER MANAGEMENT IN MITIGATING NITROUS OXIDE EMISSIONS.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Nitrogen use efficiency.- 3. Enhanced efficiency fertilizers.- 4. Precision fertilization.- 5. Conclusions.- CHAPTER 11: CONCLUSION: TOWARDS MANAGING AGRICULTURAL SOILS FOR MITIGATING N2O EMISSIONS.- 1. Introduction.- 2. Mitigation options.- 3. Policy issues on agricultural GHG mitigation.- 4. Research needs.- 5. Recommended practices for reducing N2O emission.