William Beckford 
The History of Caliph Vathek 

William Beckford’s ‘The History of Caliph Vathek’ is a gothic novel that delves into themes of ambition, temptation, and punishment. Set in the Orientalist context of the Arabian Nights, the book follows the protagonist, the Caliph Vathek, on his quest for knowledge and power, which ultimately leads to his downfall. Beckford’s writing style is rich and descriptive, immersing the reader in a world of opulence and dark desires. The novel’s exploration of the supernatural and the consequences of selfish desires make it a compelling read in the Gothic literary tradition. William Beckford, a wealthy English aristocrat and art collector, wrote ‘The History of Caliph Vathek’ during a time of fascination with Eastern cultures in Europe. Beckford’s own eccentricities and travels likely influenced his creation of a decadent and morally ambiguous character like Vathek. His experiences as a collector of art and artifacts also shine through in the detailed descriptions of the Caliph’s palace and treasures. I recommend ‘The History of Caliph Vathek’ to readers who enjoy dark and atmospheric Gothic literature, as well as those interested in Orientalism and the cultural exchanges of the 18th century.

About the author

William Beckford (1760-1844) was a prolific English writer, art collector, and politician remembered chiefly for his Orientalist novel ‘The History of Caliph Vathek’ (1786). Beckford was born into affluence and his prodigious wealth, inherited from his father, a former Lord Mayor of London, granted him the liberty to pursue his diverse interests in arts and literature. He displayed precocious talent in music and languages, but it is his contribution to Gothic fiction where his literary legacy truly lies. ‘Vathek’, Beckford’s most recognized work, stands as an exemplar of the Gothic novel, combining elements of horror, fantasy, and exoticism to dramatic effect. It captures the imagination with its vivid descriptions and dark themes, becoming an influential piece in Romantic literature. Beckford’s narrative, characterized by an ornate and richly descriptive style, illustrates his preoccupation with lavishness and the macabre, offering insight into the Orientalist attitudes of the era. While his life was marked by extravagance and scandal, including social ostracization due to rumors about his sexuality, Beckford’s contribution to literature through ‘Vathek’ and his travel writings remains significant. His aesthetic inclinations extended to his architectural endeavors, notably the construction of Fonthill Abbey, which further reflects the author’s flamboyant character and has been referenced by scholars examining the interplay between his life and literary output.