Judith E. Martin 
Germaine de Stael in Germany 
Gender and Literary Authority (1800-1850)

Germaine de Stal and German Women: Gender and Literary Authority (1800-1850) investigates Stals significance as an icon of female artistic genius and political engagement for two generations of German women, including Caroline A. Fischer, Caroline Pichler, Johanna Schopenhauer, Bettina von Arnim, Ida Hahn-Hahn, and Luise Muhlbach. These authors drew a significant impetus from Stals exemplary life and writings, especially her influential novels of political and artistic heroines, Delphine (1802) and Corinne, or Italy (1807), referring to them in order to authorize their own discourses on art and politics, and to buttress their identity as writers in a period when female authorship generated intense controversy. Taking references to Stal and her texts as a starting point opens fresh perspectives on German womens novels, while at the same time revealing their authors participation in the broader European womens literary tradition. Whereas several novels from the first decade of the century echo Delphine by uniting domestic fiction with political themes, Stals epoch-making novel of female poetic genius, Corinne, left a more lasting literary legacy in a tradition of German female artist novels. Corinne exemplified the creative womans dilemma between fame and love, and subsequent German novelists explore this conflict, while several also emulate Stals myth-making in Corinne as a strategy for attributing transcendent genius to their heroines. Reading for subtexts of female self-expression and development brings to light counter-narratives of female creative transcendence, often evoked through allusions to mythological figures. Martin suggests a revision of German literary history by uncovering a neglected tradition of artist novels positioned between the German Kunstlerroman and Stals newly inaugurated international dialogue on womens role in public culture.