Raymond Williams 
Communications 

Williams’s fascinating investigation into forms of communication as they stood in 1962 – computers, radio, television, printing, photography, film – remains remarkably relevant today. The idea that reality is primary, and that communication of that reality secondary, is debunked – if we take the view that there is life, and then afterwards accounts of it, we degrade art and learning. Communications are, he argues, a major way in which reality is continually formed and changed. This is Williams’s compelling introduction to modern means and institutions of communication.