Edward Stratemeyer 
Under the Mikado’s Flag, or Young Soldiers of Fortune 

Under the Mikado’s Flag, or Young Soldiers of Fortune is a novel written by Edward Stratemeyer, an American author known for his adventure and juvenile fiction. This novel is set against the backdrop of the Russo-Japanese War (1904-1905) and follows the adventures of American protagonist Gilbert Pennington and his friends, Frank and Barney. The story begins with Gilbert Pennington, a young American, who is living in Japan and becomes embroiled in the conflict between Russia and Japan. The novel explores themes of friendship, bravery, and patriotism as the three young men, under the Mikado’s flag (referring to the Japanese emperor), volunteer to serve in the Japanese army during the war. As they navigate the challenges and dangers of war, the characters experience a series of exciting adventures, including battles at sea and on land, encounters with enemy forces, and moments of personal growth. The novel also provides insights into Japanese culture, society, and military traditions. "Under the Mikado’s Flag" is a blend of adventure, patriotism, and cultural exploration, and it aims to entertain and educate young readers about the historical and geographical aspects of the Russo-Japanese War. It reflects Edward Stratemeyer’s writing style, which often combines adventure with a strong moral and educational message for young audiences.