Musa Khan Jalalzai 
Pakistans Spy Agencies 
Challenges of Civilian Control over Intelligence Agencies Bureaucratic and Military Stakeholderism, Dematerialization of Civilian Intelligence, and War of Strength

The imbalance of Pakistan’s civil-military relations has caused misperceptions about the changing role of intelligence in politics. The country maintains 32 secret agencies working under different democratic, political and military stakeholders who use them for their own interests.
Established in 1948, The ISI was tasked with acquiring intelligence of strategic interests and assessing the intensity of foreign threats, but political and military stakeholders used the agency adversely and painted a consternating picture of its working environment. The civilian intelligence agency-Intelligence Bureau (IB) has been gradually neglected due to the consecutive military rule and weak democratic governments. The ISI today seems the most powerful agency and controls the policy decisions.
The working of various intelligence agencies, militarisation of intelligence and ineffectiveness of the civilian intelligence are some of the issues discussed in the book.

Tabla de materias

Introduction
Chapter 1 Pakistan’s Intelligence Agencies: Stakeholders, Crisis of Confidence and lack of Modern Intelligence Mechanism
Chapter 2 Militarisation of Intelligence, Dematerialization of Civilian Intelligence and a War of Strength between the Military and Civilian Spy Agencies
Chapter 3 The Challenges of Civilian Control over Intelligence Agencies, Democratic Governments, Military Establishment and a War of Strength
Chapter 4 Military Courts, Fair Trials Violations, Confessions without Adequate Safeguards against Torture, Rough-Handling of Prisoners, and Denial of Public Hearing
Chapter 5 The Pakistani Godfather: The Inter-Services Intelligence and the Afghan Taliban 1994-2010
Chapter 6 The US’s Greatest Strategic Failure: Steve Coll on the CIA and the ISI
Chapter 7 Directorate S: The C.I.A. and America’s Secret Wars in Afghanistan and Pakistan
Chapter 8 The Political and Military Involvement of Inter-Services Intelligence in Afghanistan
Chapter 9 Pakistan Army and the Pashtun Tahafooz Movement
Chapter 10 Double Game: Why Pakistan Supports Militants and Resists U.S. Pressure to Stop
Notes to Chapters
Bibliography
Index

Sobre el autor

Musa Khan Jalalzai is a journalist and research scholar. He has written extensively on Afghanistan, terrorism, nuclear and biological terrorism, human trafficking, drug trafficking, and intelligence research and analysis. He was an Executive Editor of the Daily Outlook Afghanistan from 2005-2011, and a permanent contributor in Pakistan’s daily The Post, Daily Times, and The Nation, Weekly the Nation, (London). However, in 2004, the US Library of Congress in its report for South Asia mentioned him as the biggest and prolific writer. He received Masters in English literature, Diploma in Geospatial Intelligence, University of Maryland, Washington DC, a certificate in Surveillance Law from the University of Stanford, USA, and a diploma in Counterterrorism from Pennsylvania State University, California, the United States.