Jean Lee Cole 
How the Other Half Laughs 
The Comic Sensibility in American Culture, 1895-1920

Honorable Mention Recipient for the Charles Hatfield Book Prize


Taking up the role of laughter in society,
How the Other Half Laughs:
The Comic Sensibility in American Culture, 1895–1920 examines an era in which the US population was becoming increasingly multiethnic and multiracial. Comic artists and writers, hoping to create works that would appeal to a diverse audience, had to formulate a method for making the “other half” laugh. In magazine fiction, vaudeville, and the comic strip, the oppressive conditions of the poor and the marginalized were portrayed unflinchingly, yet with a distinctly comic sensibility that grew out of caricature and ethnic humor.


Author Jean Lee Cole analyzes Progressive Era popular culture, providing a critical angle to approach visual and literary humor about ethnicity—how avenues of comedy serve as expressions of solidarity, commiseration, and empowerment. Cole’s argument centers on the comic sensibility, which she defines as a performative act that fosters feelings of solidarity and community among the marginalized.


Cole stresses the connections between the worlds of art, journalism, and literature and the people who produced them—including George Herriman, R. F. Outcault, Rudolph Dirks, Jimmy Swinnerton, George Luks, and William Glackens—and traces the form’s emergence in the pages of Joseph Pulitzer’s
New York World and William Randolph Hearst’s
Journal-American and how it influenced popular fiction, illustration, and art.
How the Other Half Laughs restores the newspaper comic strip to its rightful place as a transformative element of American culture at the turn into the twentieth century.

A propos de l’auteur

Jean Lee Cole is professor of English at Loyola University Maryland. She is author of The Literary Voices of Winnifred Eaton: Redefining Ethnicity and Authenticity; editor of Freedom’s Witness: The Civil War Correspondence of Henry Mc Neal Turner; and coeditor of Zora Neale Hurston: Collected Plays. She is editor of the scholarly journal American Periodicals and a former president of the Research Society for American Periodicals.