Monica Brito Vieira & David Runciman 
Representation 

What is representation? What does it mean when a politician
represents citizens in government? How can citizens be represented
beyond the boundaries of the nation-state?

These are just some of the questions which will be answered by
David Runciman and Mónica Brito Vieira as they explain why
representation should be understood as one of the key concepts in
modern politics. The first part of the book examines the historical
roots of the concept of representation, from its origins in ancient
Rome through to its role in the revolutionary politics of the
modern world. The second looks at different varieties of
representation – in law as well as politics. The final part
asks how the concept of representation can help us think creatively
about current and future challenges facing the world.

Representation is too often treated as a secondary or qualifying
idea – as in the phrase ‘representative
democracy’. This book argues that we have this the wrong way
round. Representation is the foundational idea in almost all areas
of our political life. Making sense of representation in its own
terms is crucial for seeing why democracy functions the way it
does, and for exploring how it might function differently.

Daftar Isi

List of Figures and Tables vi

Preface vii

Part I The History of Representation 1

1 The Roots of Political Representation 3

2 Representation vs. Democracy 29

Part II The Logic of Representation 63

3 Representing Individuals 65

4 Representing Groups 84

Part III The Politics of Representation 121

5 Representing the State 123

6 Representation Beyond the Nation-State 149

Epilogue: Representing the Future? 182

References 193

Index 207

Tentang Penulis

David Runciman is University Lecturer in Political Theory at
Trinity Hall, Cambridge.

Mónica Brito Vieira is Research Fellow at New Hall,
Cambridge.