Leon V Berhardt 
Advances in Medicine and Biology. Volume 114 

The chapters in this volume present the latest developments in medicine and biology. Chapters One focuses on the synthesis of bisphosphonates and its biomedical applications. Chapter Two reviews polymeric nano-vectors based si RNA delivery. Chapter Three discusses the use of thrombophilia and pharmacological throboprophylaxis screening in women. Chapter Four provides insights into Geobacillus species through an overview of the model strain HTA426. Chapter Five examines how glycans provide molecular recognition motifs which regulate endoplasmic protein folding, transport, lysosomal targeting, and also how they are used by pattern recognition receptors in pathogen surveyance and innate immunity. Chapter Six discusses the effect of dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) on diabetes, obesity, and atherosclerosis. Chapter Seven discusses the various classifications, clinical features, diagnosis, and management options of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). Chapter Eight studies several surgical approaches for knee arthroplasty with their relevant advantages and disadvantages. Chapter Nine explores the antioxidant potential of lipoic acid in ameliorating the oxidative stress produced during lung carcinogenesis.