R. Lawlor 
Shades of Goodness 
Gradability, Demandingness and the Structure of Moral Theories

It is typically thought that the demandingness problem is specifically a problem for consequentialists because of the gradable nature of consequentialist theories. Shades of Goodness argues that most moral theories have a gradable structure and, more significantly, that this is an advantage, rather than a disadvantage, for those theories.

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Introduction PART I: ACT-CONSEQUENTIALISM Act-Consequentialism and Goodness Act-Consequentialism and the Threshold Account From Satisficing to Cost-Sensitive Consequentialism The Rejection of Act-Consequentialism Summary PART II: SCALAR CONSEQUENTIALISM Scalar Consequentialism Summary PART III: DEONTOLOGY: ROSS-STYLE PLURALISM Ross-Style Pluralism and Gradability Ross’s Terminology Moral Pluralism and the Threshold Account Summary PART IV: GRADABILITY IN OTHER MORAL THEORIES The Structure of Other Moral Theories Summary PART V: DEONTOLOGY: NON-GRADABLE MORAL MONISM Alternatives to the Threshold Account The Independence Account and the Indirect Account Summary Conclusion Appendices Notes Bibliography Index

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ROB LAWLOR is a research fellow at the Inter-Disciplinary Ethics Applied CETL (Centre for Excellence in Teaching and Learning), University of Leeds, UK.