Arthur Anthony Macdonell 
Vedic Grammar 

Whilst the greatest effort has been made to ensure the quality of this text, due to the historical nature of this content, in some rare cases there may be minor issues with legibility. The above innovations are specifically Indian, excepting (i) the loss of the vowels E 5 2, together with the diphthongs formed with them; (2) the loss of the sonant nasals; and (3) the addition of the spirants 5′ and 5. These the Avesta shares with the Vedas.