Bernardo J. Carducci & Christopher S. Nave 
The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences, Volume 1, Models and Theories 

Volume 1, Models and Theories of The Wiley Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences

The Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences (EPID) is organized into four volumes that look at the many likenesses and differences between individuals. Each of these four volumes focuses on a major content area in the study of personality psychology and individuals’ differences. The first volume, Models and Theories, surveys the significant classic and contemporary viewpoints, perspectives, models, and theoretical approaches to the study of personality and individuals’ differences (PID). The second volume on Measurement and Assessment examines key classic and modern methods and techniques of assessment in the study of PID. Volume III, titled Personality Processes and Individuals Differences, covers the important traditional and current dimensions, constructs, and traits in the study of PID. The final volume discusses three major categories: clinical contributions, applied research, and cross-cultural considerations, and touches on topics such as culture and identity, multicultural identities, cross-cultural examinations of trait structures and personality processes, and more.

* Each volume contains approximately 100 entries on personality and individual differences written by a diverse international panel of leading psychologists

* Covers significant classic and contemporary personality psychology models and theories, measurement and assessment techniques, personality processes and individuals differences, and research

* Provides a comprehensive and in-depth overview of the field of personality psychology

The Encyclopedia of Personality and Individual Differences is an important resource for all psychology students and professionals engaging in the study and research of personality.

Table of Content

Contributor Biographies ix

Gordon Allport 1

Roy F. Baumeister 11

Jack Block 17

David M. Buss 21

Paul T. Costa Jr. 25

Robert Mc Crae 29

Ed Diener 35

Erik H. Erikson 45

Hans J. Eysenck 51

David Funder 57

Lewis R. Goldberg 63

Karen Horney 67

Carl Jung 73

Abraham H. Maslow 79

Dan Mc Adams 83

Walter Mischel 89

Carl Rogers 95

George Kelly 101

Agreeableness 105

Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler 111

Animal Personalities 117

Conscientiousness 123

Cognitive-Affective Processing System (CAPS) 129

Cattell Trait Theory Lexical Analysis 135

Interpersonal Circumplex 141

Psychodynamic Perspective of Defense Mechanisms 147

Delay of Gratification 153

Extraversion – Introversion 159

Ego Control/Ego Resiliency Theory (ARCH) 165

Emotional Intelligence 173

Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development 179

Evolutionary Theory of Personality 185

Psychoticism 199

Five Factor Model, Facets of 203

Gender Differences in Personality, Evolutionary Perspective on 209

Contemporary Theories of Gender Identity 215

Gene-environment Interaction 221

Goldberg vs Costa/Mc Crae Five Factors 225

Grit 231

Hedonic Adaptation 237

Heritability 243

HEXACO Model of Personality 249

Independent/Interdependent Self 257

Personal Construct Theory of George A. Kelly 263

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs 269

Meaning in Life 275

Neuroticism 281

Narrative Approach 287

Openness 293

Optimism/Pessimism Carver and Scheier Theory 299

Personal Projects 305

Personality and Language 311

Personality Stability and Change over Time 317

Personality in Culture 323

Personality Stability over Time 329

Priming 335

Realistic Accuracy Model 341

Rejection Sensitivity 351

Resilience Theory of, Not Just the Trait Dimension 357

Schemas, Theory of 363

Self-Determination Theory 369

Self-efficacy Theory 375

Self-esteem, Theory of 381

Self-Monitoring, Theory of 387

Self-other Interjudge Agreement; Theory of Accuracy 393

Self-Presentation Theory/Impression Management 397

Social Learning Theory/Social Cognitive Theory 401

Terror Management Theory 407

Trait Theory of Allport 413

Whole Trait Theory 417

Index 423

About the author

Bernardo J. Carducci, Ph D, was professor of psychology at Indiana University Southeast where he taught classes on personality psychology and introductory psychology for 37 years, and was director of the IU Southeast Shyness Research Institute. He authored several books on shyness, including The Pocket Guide to Making Successful Small Talk: How to Talk to Anyone Anytime Anywhere About Anything and Shyness: A Bold New Approach. His text, Psychology of Personality: Viewpoints, Research, and Applications, is currently in its third edition.

Christopher Nave, Ph D, is the Managing Director of the interdisciplinary Master of Behavioral and Decision Sciences program at the University of Pennsylvania. His areas of expertise include multi-method design, behavioral observation, personality stability, personality judgment and well-being. His publications have appeared in top academic journals and handbooks and have been featured in the popular press.