The Nazis burned books and banned much modern art. However, few people know the fascinating story of German modern dance, which was the great exception. Modern expressive dance found favor with the regime and especially with the infamous Dr. Joseph Goebbels, the Minister of Propaganda. How modern artists collaborated with Nazism reveals an important aspect of modernism, uncovers the bizarre bureaucracy which controlled culture and tells the histories of great figures who became enthusiastic Nazis and lied about it later. The book offers three perspectives: the dancer Lilian Karina writes her very vivid personal story of dancing in interwar Germany; the dance historian Marion Kant gives a systematic account of the interaction of modern dance and the totalitarian state, and a documentary appendix provides a glimpse into the twisted reality created by Nazi racism, pedantic bureaucrats and artistic ambition.
Inhaltsverzeichnis
Translator’s Foreword
Jonathan Steinberg
Preface
Marion Kant
PART I RECOLLECTIONS
Lilian Karina
Introduction
How this work came about
Have artists an interest in political and social circumstances?
The Faces of my Past
Chapter 1. A Historical Overview of the Labanist Period
Pre Labanism: The Rise of the Culture of the Body (1900-1920)
The Era of Labanism at its Peak: the Development of ‚New Dance, ‚ Modern and Stage Dance (1920s-1937)
Opposition to Labanism – Realistic Dance Theater
Chapter 2. Art and Culture under National Socialism
The New Legislation
The Doctrines of Race and Inheritance
The Invention of the Jewish Race: from Wagner to Rosenberg
Chapter 3. Sectarianism and Dance
The Historical Path of Racial Hygiene
Sects, Cults and Secret Societies
The New Magicians of Dance: Steiner, Klamt, Duncan, Laban
The Search for a Dance ‚True to Type‘ [‚arteigen‘]
Chapter 4. The Fates of Emigrants
Evgenia Eduardova and Josef Lewitan
Victor Gsovsky
Kurt Jooss
Sascha Leontieff
Aurél von Milloss
Lia Schubert
Chapter 5. The Situation in Scandinavia
The Association of Swedish Dance Pedagogues
Gertrude Engelhardt
Elsa Lindenberg
Edgar Frank
Lilian Karina
Chapter 6. Laban’s Downfall and Post-Labansim
Post-Labanism
PART II: ‚DANCE IS A RACE QUESTION.‘ THE DANCE POLITICS OF THE REICH MINISTRY OF POPULAR ENLIGHTENMENT AND PROPAGANDA
Marion Kant
Introduction
The State of Dance Research
Dance in Germany in 1930
Chapter 7. The Reich Ministry for Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda
The Foundation of the Reich Chamber of Culture
Rivalries about Culture and Art
The Propaganda Ministry and the Reich Theater Chamber
Chapter 8. The Nazi Redirection of Dance
The Plan for a Nazi Dance Policy
Chapter 9. Ministerial Dance Politicos – Rudolf von Laban and Otto von Keudell
The Dance Festivals of 1934 and 1935
Chapter 10. The German Dance Theater and The German Master Workshops
Regulations for the Conduct of the Dance Examinations
The Olympic Games
The Temporary Finale
Chapter 11. The Next Stage
The Laban Case
The Wigman Case
Chapter 12. After Laban’s Fall
From German Dance to German Ballet
A Ban on Dance
Total Dance
Post Script
PART III: THE NAZI ATTEMPT TO SUPPRESS JAZZ AND SWING: A CASE STUDY
Marion Kant
PART IV: DANCE UNDER THE NAZIS: DOCUMENTARY APPENDIX
Selected and Edited by Marion Kant
Appendix: The Administrative Structure of the Reich Ministry of Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda and the Reich Culture Chambers
Chronology
References
Abbreviations and Glossary
Sources
Archives and Collections
Bibliography
Index
Name entries
Subject entries
Über den Autor
Jonathan Steinberg is Walter H. Annenberg Professor of Modern European History, University of Pennsylvania.
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