This book discusses the pros and cons of information and communication (ICT) neutrality. It tries to be as objective as possible from arguments of proponents and opponents, this way enabling readers to build their own opinion. It presents the history of the ongoing network neutrality debate, the various concepts it encompasses, and also some mathematical developments illustrating optimal strategies and potential counter-intuitive results, then extends the discussion to connected ICT domains. The book thus touches issues related to history, economics, law, networking, and mathematics.
After an introductory chapter on the history of the topic, chapter 2 surveys and compares the various laws in place worldwide and discusses some implications of heterogeneous rules in several regions. Next, chapter 3 details the arguments put forward by the participants of the net neutrality debate. Chapter 4 then presents how the impact of neutral or non-neutral behaviors can be analyzed mathematically, with sometimes counter-intuitive results, and emphasizes the interest of modeling to avoid bad decisions. Chapter 5 illustrates that content providers may not always be on the pro-neutrality side, as there are situations where they may have an economic advantage with a non-neutral situation, e.g. when they are leaders on a market and create barriers to entry for competitors. Another related issue is covered in chapter 6, which discusses existing ways for ISPs to circumvent the packet-based rules and behave non-neutral without breaking the written law. Chapter 7 gives more insight on the role and possible non-neutral behavior of search engines, leading to another debate called the search neutrality debate. Chapter 8 focuses on e-commerce platforms and social networks, and investigates how they can influence users’ actions and opinions. The issue is linked to the debate on the transparency of algorithms which is active in Europe especially. Chapter 9 focuses on enforcing neutrality in practice through measurements: indeed, setting rules requires monitoring the activity of ICT actors in order to sanction non-appropriate behaviors and be proactive against new conducts. The chapter explains why this is challenging and what tools are currently available. Eventually, Chapter 10 briefly concludes the presentation and opens the debate.
Table of Content
– 1. Introduction: A Bit of History. – 2. Definitions. – 3. Pros and Cons: The Arguments in the Debate. – 4. Mathematical Analysis. – 5. Non-neutrality Pushed by Content Providers. – 6. A More General View of Neutrality. – 7. Search Neutrality. – 8. Algorithmic Transparency. – 9. Tools to Monitor Neutrality. – 10. Conclusions.About the author
Patrick Maillé has been with IMT Atlantique (formerly Telecom Bretagne) since 2002, where he obtained his Ph D in applied mathematics in 2005 and his habilitation (University of Rennes 1) in 2015. He had held visiting scholar appointments at Columbia University (June-December 2006) and UC Berkeley (academic year 2014-2015). His research interests are in all economic aspects of telecommunication networks, from pricing schemes at the user level, to auctions for spectrum and regulatory issues. He has authored or co-authored more than 150 papers on those topics and is along with Bruno Tuffin the author of “Telecommunication Network Economics: From Theory to Applications” published in 2014.Bruno Tuffin received his Ph D degree in applied mathematics from the University of Rennes 1 (France) in 1997. Since then, he has been with Inria in Rennes and is the leader of the team called Dionysos since January 2022. He spent eight months as a postdoc at Duke University in 1999. His research interests include developing Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte Carlo simulation techniques for the performance evaluation of telecommunication systems, and developing new Internet-pricing schemes and telecommunication-related economic models. He has published close to two hundred papers on those issues. He has also led or participated into several French and European projects, and co-organized several conferences.
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