Ivan Turgenev 
Fathers and Sons 

Ivan Turgenev’s ’Fathers and Sons’ is considered to be one of the author’s greatest literary achievements. It is novel about the clash of ideologies of two generations. The older generation, or the fathers, represents an aristocracy whose power and influence is fading and giving way to the younger generation, or the sons, who represent to middle class nihilistic ideology. ’Fathers and Sons’ is a brilliant work that captures the tension that existed among generations and class in the pre-revolutionary era in Russia.