(United States) Ruth Benedict 
Chrysanthemum and the Sword 

This book is a stunning work that provides a thorough understanding of Japanese culture and interpretation of its contradictory character. It is a classic that we have to read to understand Japan. "Chrysanthemum" was originally the family crest of the Japanese imperial family, and "sword" was a symbol of Bushido culture. Benedict used "chrysanthemum" and "sword" to symbolize the contradictory character of the Japanese, and from the calm perspective of a Westerner, he has a thorough understanding of Japan”s unique cultural tradition and national character. It not only captures the details of Japanese culture, but also places it in the anthropological vision of Eastern culture and Pacific island culture. This book has been evaluated by all walks of life, and its great influence has not diminished.