Thomas Hardy 
The Unlit Lamp 

Radclyffe Hall (born Marguerite Radclyffe Hall on 12 August 1880 – 7 October 1943) was an English poet and author, best known for the novel The Well of Loneliness. The novel has become a groundbreaking work in lesbian literature. Marguerite Radclyffe Hall was born in 1880 at ‘Sunny Lawn’, Durley Road, Bournemouth, Hampshire (now Dorset) to a wealthy philandering father and a quarrelsome[mother. Hall was a lesbian and described herself as a ‘congenital invert’, a term taken from the writings of Havelock Ellis and other turn-of-the-century sexologists. Having reached adulthood without a vocation, she spent much of her twenties pursuing women she eventually lost to marriage. In 1907 at the Homburg spa in Germany, Hall met Mabel Batten, a well-known amateur singer of lieder. Batten (nicknamed ‘Ladye’) was 51 to Hall’s 27, and was married with an adult daughter and grandchildren. They fell in love, and after Batten’s husband died they set up residence together. Batten gave Hall the nickname John, which she used the rest of her life. Under Batten’s influence, Hall converted to Roman Catholicism; Joanne Glasgow writes that for Hall and other lesbians of the early twentieth century, such as Alice B. Toklas, the church’s erasure of female sexuality offered a cover for lesbianism